Linux系统中Nginx的安装并进行域名认证和重定向

本文主要介绍Linux系统中Nginx的安装并进行域名认证和重定向，希望通过本知识点的讲解对大家今后的学习和工作有所帮助，下面进行具体介绍：

12.6 Nginx安装

cd /usr/local/src
wget //nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
tar zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
make && make install

查看配置文件是否有错 -t

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

启动脚本编辑：

vim /etc/init.d/nginx //复制如下内容（参考https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/etc_init.d_nginx）

内容为

--------------------------------------------------------------

echo#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start()
{
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop()
{
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
return $RETVAL
}
reload()
{
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart()
{
stop
start
}
configtest()
{
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
--------------------------------------------------------------
 
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/;mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak
vim nginx.conf //写入如下内容（参考https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/nginx.conf）
内容为
--------------------------------------------------------------
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
' $host "$request_uri" $status'
' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm
application/xml;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
location ~ \.php$
{
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
}
--------------------------------------------------------------
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/etc/init.d/nginx start
 
ps aux | grep nginx
netstat -lntp | grep 80

测试#curl localhost

测试php

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/1.php

写入以下内容

----------------------------------------------------------------

<?php

echo "This is nginx test page";

----------------------------------------------------------------

测试curl localhost/1.php

12.7 默认虚拟主机

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //http里增加下面一行

include vhost/*.conf;

mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost

cd !$;vim default.conf //加入如下内容

----------------------------------------------------------------

server

{

listen 80 default_server; //有这个标记的就是默认虚拟主机

server_name aaa.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/wwwroot/default;

}

----------------------------------------------------------------

mkdir -p /data/wwwroot/default

cd /data/wwwroot/default

echo "This is a default site." > /data/wwwroot/default/index.html

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t //检查配置是否有错

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload //重新加载，也可以重启服务

或/etc/init.d/nginx restart //重启服务

curl localhost

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 123.com

12.8 Nginx用户认证

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf //写入如下内容

----------------------------------------------------------------

server

{

listen 80 ; 

server_name test.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

location /

{auth_basic              "Auth";

auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;

}

}

----------------------------------------------------------------

yum install -y httpd

htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd aming //-c创建

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t //检查配置是否有错

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload //重新加载

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com -I

curl -uaming:lishiming -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com //404错误，-u指定用户；

ls /data/wwwroot/test.com

mkdir /data/wwwroot/test.com

echo "test.com" > /data/wwwroot/test.com/index.html

curl -uaming:lishiming -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com

指定访问admin才认证

curl -uaming:lishiming -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/admin/

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf

将location /修改为location /admin/即可；

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com  //就不用指定用户了；

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/admin/  //提示401用户请求

12.9 Nginx域名重定向

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf //修改为如下内容

----------------------------------------------------------------

server

{

listen 80 ;

server_name test.com  test1.com   test2.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

if($host!='test.com'){

rewrite ^/(.*)$ //test.com/$1 permanent;

}

location ~ admin.php

{auth_basic              "Auth";

auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;

}

}

----------------------------------------------------------------

^表示以某某开头，这里指//$host

(.*)表示通配所有，$表示直到结尾；

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t //检查配置是否有错

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload //重新加载

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test2.com/index.html -I //提示301，都重定向到test.com/index.html网页；